پادکست BBC شماره 251- Compulsory voting

پادکست BBC شماره 251

سلام با دویست و پنجاه و یکمین سری از پادکست‌های BBC 6 Minute English در خدمت شما هستیم.

در این قسمت درباره رای دادن اجباری صحبت میشه. برای کسانی که حق رای دارن آیا ما باید اونها رو مجبور به رای دادن کنیم؟ مجبور کردن جوانان برای شرکت در رای گیری عمومی باعث میشه افراد، شانسی رای بدن و در واقع رای خودشون رو از بین میبرن و کیفیت رای گیری پایین میاد. در ادامه پادکست لغات و اصطلاحات مربوط به این موضوع رو هم بیان می کنن.

در زیر کلمات کلیدی که باید با آن‌ها آشنا شوید برایتان توضیح داده شده‌اند:

right: (here) somebody’s legal claim to vote

right: در اینجا: حق رای

general election: a vote for a government that runs the whole country

general election: رای گیری عمومی

compulsory: something that you have to do

compulsory: اجباری

duty: something you have a responsibility to do

duty: وظیفه

engender: give rise to

engender: سبب شدن/ موجب شدن

slapdash: doing something quickly and carelessly

slapdash: عجول و بی دقت

national service: compulsory government service that usually means military service

national service: خدمت دولتی اجباری

conscription: (same as national service)

conscription: خدمت اجباری

over and done with: finishing something difficult or unpleasant as quickly as possible

over and done with: تمام کردن مساله دشوار یا ناخوشایند هرچه سریعتر

pick (a political party) out of a hat: to choose randomly rather than making an informed choice

pick (a political party) out of a hat: انتخاب شانسی

spoil: waste

spoil: از بین بردن / خراب کردن

Transcript of the podcast

پادکست BBC 6 minute English – Compulsory voting

Rob
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Rob…

Neil
… and I’m Neil. Hello.

Rob
Hello, Neil! Today we’re talking about voting. Now I’m sure it’s something you’ve done Neil?

Neil
Of course – and earlier this year we had a general election in the UK where I voted. And I’d feel guilty if I didn’t exercise my right to vote. Now a right in this case means somebody’s legal claim to vote.

Rob
In a general election we vote for a government that runs the whole country, but we also have local and European elections too sometimes.  

Neil
Yes but voting in the UK is optional – so you don’t have to do it, whereas in some countries voting is compulsory – and compulsory means something that you have to do.  

Rob
So if you were in Australia, where the government passed a law that made voting compulsory, you would have had to pay a fine of $20 for not voting.

Neil
And that’s because the Australian government believes that voting is a duty and not just a right.

Rob
Duty means something you have a responsibility to do.

Neil
And it’s your duty Rob to ask me today’s quiz question!

Rob
Yes, sir! So can you tell me, what is a constituency? Is it …

a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area?

b) the politicians who make and change the laws of a country?

or c) a town or district that has its own government?

Neil
Well I’m no expert on politics… but I’m going to go for c) that’s a town or district that has its own government.

Rob
OK. Well, we’ll find out later on in the show whether you’re right or wrong. Now it’s time to hear what a truly young person has to say about compulsory voting.

Neil
Oh right, unlike me you mean? Well, here’s Michael Yip, who is a student at Warwick University and therefore much younger than me.

Michael Yip, student at Warwick University
A lot of the people that I speak to just say ‘I don’t care’ or ‘I don’t really know what’s going on’ and in this way, another reason why I’m quite cautious about this is because it could sort of engender this sort of slapdash attitude towards politics where you know it’s sort of seen as, you know, being conscripted for national service … you just want to get it over and done with.

Rob
So Michael says he is cautious about the idea of introducing compulsory voting. So why is that, Neil?

Neil
He thinks forcing young people to vote will engender – or give rise to – a slapdash attitude. Now what does slapdash mean, Rob?

Rob
It’s a good word, isn’t it? It means doing something quickly and carelessly.  

Neil
Oh you’ve never do that, would you? Now, Michael compares compulsory voting to national service. National service is compulsory government service that usually means military service and is also known as conscription.

Rob
So when it’s something you haven’t chosen to do, or which you actively don’t want to do – it’s a case of getting it over and done with. 

Neil
And that means finishing something difficult or unpleasant as quickly as possible.

Rob
Young people might just pick a political party out of a hat – which means to choose randomly – rather than making an informed choice.

Neil
So some people think that politicians need to improve political education. Now let’s listen to broadcaster and writer Rick Edwards talking about this.

Rick Edwards, broadcaster and writer
If you said to politicians, ‘Right, 3.3 million first-time voters are definitely going to vote’, then they will have to speak to them and they will have to make an effort to go to where they are and I think that’s the change it would create.

Rob
So compulsory voting would mean a responsibility for the politicians too.

Neil
That’s right. They need to engage and educate young people. Otherwise reluctant voters may deliberately spoil – or waste – their votes.

Rob
The government could also include a ‘none of the above’ option on the ballot paper.

Neil
Can you explain a bit more about that Rob?

Rob
Well, it means you tick this option if you don’t want to vote for any of the listed political parties.

Neil
An interesting idea. Well my option for now is to get the answer to the quiz question.

Rob
OK, well, I asked: What is a constituency? Is it … a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area? b) the politicians who make and change the laws of a country? Or c) a town or district that has its own government?

Neil
I said c) a town or district that has its own government.

Rob
Well, you ticked the wrong box, Neil! The answer is a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area. Now, did you know the UK is currently divided into 650 areas called parliamentary constituencies, each of which is represented by one MP in the House of Commons? And each constituency can have a different area. The largest is Ross, Skye and Lochaber in Scotland measuring approximately 12,000 square kilometres. The smallest constituency is Islington North in London measuring a little over seven square kilometres. Now, can we hear today’s words again please, Neil?

Neil
OK. We heard:

right

general election

compulsory

duty

engender

slapdash

national service

conscription

over and done with

pick (a political party) out of a hat

spoil

Rob
Splendid! Well, that’s the end of today’s 6 Minute English. I hope it got your vote! You can hear more programmes at bbclearningenglish.com. Please join us again soon.

Both
Bye.

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