پادکست BBC شماره ۲۹۰ – Cigarettes v e-cigarettes

پادکست BBC شماره ۲۹۰

سلام با دویست و نودمین سری از پادکست‌های BBC 6 Minute English در خدمت شما هستیم.

سازمان جهانی بهداشت توصیه کرده که سیگارهای الکترونیکی نباید در محیط های بسته استفاده بشه چون ممکنه سلامت افرادی که سیگار نمیکشن رو به خطر بندازه.

در این قسمت راب و فین درباره ی خطرات این مدل سیگار که افرادی سیگاری برای کاهش مصرف سیگارشون استفاده میکنن، حرف می زنن.

در زیر کلمات کلیدی که باید با آن‌ها آشنا شوید برایتان توضیح داده شده‌اند:

cough : sudden expulsion of air from the lungs, usually due to an irritation

cough : سرفه کردن

secondary smoker : non-smoker who breathes in other people’s cigarette smoke

secondary smoker : دود سیگاری که فرد غیرسیگاری استشمام میکنه

ban : prohibition, no longer being allowed

ban : ممنوعیت

nicotine : chemical in tobacco believed to cause addiction

nicotine : نیکوتین

long-term : for a long time in the future

long-term : بلند مدت

quit smoking : give up smoking

quit smoking : ترک کردن سیگار

damaging : harmful

damaging : مضر

overreaction : response to something which is more forceful than required

overreaction : عکس العمل بیش از حد

Transcript of the podcast

پادکست BBC 6 minute English – Cigarettes v e-cigarettes

Rob
Hello I’m Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m joined today by Finn.

Finn
Hello.  

Rob
Today we are going to talk about electronic cigarettes – also called e-cigarettes – and teach you words that will help you to discuss the subject or understand news about it.Do you smoke, Finn?

Finn
No. And sometimes the smoke from other people’s cigarettes makes me cough (coughs a bit). Just thinking about it makes me want to cough (coughs again).

Rob
It’s because you are a secondary smoker – in other words, you’re someone who doesn’t smoke but breathes in the smoke from someone else’s cigarette. And this smoke is very harmful to your health. So, here is today’s question, Finn.

Finn
OK, go ahead.

Rob
According to the World Health Organisation, there are more than 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke. How many of these are known to be harmful to our health? Is it at least:

a)    50

b)    150

c)    250

Finn
Mm … Let me think. (he guesses)?

Rob
You’ll get the answer at the end of the programme. Well, electronic cigarettes are everywhere now. Some estimates say more than a million people are using e-cigarettes just in the UK. But these devices might not be very safe for secondary smokers …

Finn
Is that so? I thought they were okay because they produce vapour rather than the smoke full of harmful chemicals you get in ordinary cigarettes.

Rob
Well, the World Health Organisation is not convinced e-cigarettes are any safer to secondary smokers. It has recommended a ban on the use of electronic cigarettes indoors and their sale to people under 18 years old.

Finn
A ban? In other words, they don’t want them to be permitted indoors anymore? I know that e-cigarettes work by heating liquid nicotine – this is the substance in tobacco which makes it addictive. It turns into vapour which is inhaled by the smoker. I thought because it was just vapour, it was okay for non-smokers!

Rob
It’s vapour with some chemicals in it. And experts fear it could have similar effects to the smoke produced by ordinary cigarettes. Listen to what Professor John Ashton has to say. He’s from the Faculty of Public Health here in the UK. Which words does he use to describe the use of e-cigarettes for an extended period of time?

INSERT
Professor John Ashton, from the Faculty of Public Health in the UK
There are scientists in America who’ve been studying second-hand effects of tobacco smoke who are raising these issues now about the e-cigarettes. And we really can’t allow these things to get establishedbefore we know what the long-term effects are going to be. 

Finn
He talks aboutlong-termeffects. He means that the constant use of e-cigarettes for an extended period of time might cause harm which we are not aware of yet.

Rob
You can’t light up a cigarette in a pub or bar anymore. It was the effect of people’s cigarette smoke on other staff that led to the ban on ordinary cigarettes in Britain. Private companies and the authorities are keen not to risk bringing back any kind of smoking to closed spaces in public places.

Finn
This is likely to annoymany smokers who have been moving to electronic cigarettes in an attempt to cut down on nicotine or even quit smoking.

Rob
Yes, many people want to quit smoking ­ – stop smoking – at once. And they find it easier to do this if they can use e-cigarettes. In the last few decades smokers have been feeling persecuted.

Finn
Yes, there’s a lot of pressure for them to quit the habit.

Rob
Listen to what this smoker who uses e-cigarettes has to say.He’s in a pub in Bristol. Which word does he use to talk about the harm certain things do to children?

INSERT
Male customer, Bristol pub
We react at absolutely everything in this world. What we’ll gonna have eventually though is ‘no drinking beer’ in pubs because it’s damaging for children to watch it happening.

Finn
He uses the word ‘damaging’, meaning harmful. He complains that there’s an overreaction to things like cigarettes and alcohol.

Rob
Yes. An ‘overreaction’ means responding to something in a way which is more forceful than required. He complained that one day the authorities might end up banning people from drinking alcohol in pubs. Pubs, as we know, are bars to which most customers go to drink alcohol.

Finn
He is using some irony here.

Rob
Yes. The right to smoke or not smoke generates passionate debates. Smoking is bad for your health, but some people argue that eating junk food is bad too but it’s still available all over the place.

Finn
Cigarettes are addictive and it’s very difficult for people just to give them up.

Rob
But here are some facts which might make people think again. I told you earlier in the programme that there are more than 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke. And I asked you how many of these are known to be harmful to health. The options were: at least 50, 150 or 250?

Finn
I said 250. Is it as many as that, Rob?

Rob
It is as many as that.

Finn
Wow!

Rob
Yes, at least 250. Acording to the World Health Organisation website, it says that more than 50 chemicals in tobacco smoke are known to cause cancer. Any amount of second hand tobaco smoke is thought to be unsafe, and second hand smoke causes more that 600,000 early deaths per year. Well, as we are nearly the end of the programme, let’s just remember some of the words we used today. Finn?

Finn
We heard:

cough

secondary smoker

ban

nicotine

long-term

quit smoking

damaging

overreaction

Rob
Thanks Finn. Well that’s it for this programme. Please join us soon again for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

Finn
Bye.

Rob
Bye.

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